Construction of AT and SF Railway tunnels under Raton Pass.
Before Fred Harvey could operate restaurants and hotels across the Southwest, the AT and SF Railway had to construct its line from Chicago to Los Angeles. Their plan was to build the line along the old Santa Fe Trail across Kansas, Colorado, and New Mexico to Santa Fe, and then across Arizona and California to Los Angeles. The first obstacle in getting over the mountains was traversing Raton Pass on the Colorado-New Mexico border, which the AT&SF did in 1879. Over the next few years, the railroad constructed tunnels under the pass to reduce the steepness of the grade.
The AT&SF Railway had to abandon its plan of reaching the capital city of Santa Fe when it was determined that the grade up the mountain from the small settlement of Lamy, NM was too steep for its steam engines. Fred Harvey then had to use Harveycars to transport passengers the eighteen miles uphill from Lamy to Santa Fe. Amtrak today stops at Lamy, not Santa Fe, so passengers for Santa Fe must still take shuttles to the city. To find information about visiting Santa Fe today click on the photograph.
Crossing the New Mexico-Arizona border, the AT and SF Railway headed on west to Williams, some 60 miles south of the Grand Canyon. From Williams it was on to Los Angeles. Passengers wishing to go to the Grand Canyon had to depart at Williams and take a stagecoach to the Canyon. Finally, in 1901, the AT&SF built a spur line from Williams to the Grand Canyon, and passengers breathed a sigh of relief.